Ukuchatshazelwa yi-COVID-19, ukusuka kwisiqingatha sesibini sika-2020, imakethi yezothutho yamazwe ngamazwe ibone ukunyuka kwamaxabiso okukhulu, ukuqhuma kunye nokungabikho kweekhabhathi.Isalathiso somthwalo wempahla yaseTshayina esihlanganisiweyo sinyuke saya kutsho kwi-1658.58 ekupheleni kukaDisemba walo nyaka uphelileyo, inqanaba elitsha eliphakamileyo kule minyaka ili-12 yakutsha nje.Ngo-Matshi kulo nyaka uphelileyo, isiganeko se-Suez Canal "se-jam yenqanawa yenkulungwane" yaqinisa ukunqongophala kwamandla okuthutha, yabeka ixabiso elitsha kwixabiso lezothutho eliphakathi, elichaphazela uqoqosho lwehlabathi, kwaye imboni yezothutho yamazwe ngamazwe iphumelele ngaphandle kwesangqa.
Ukongeza kwimpembelelo yotshintsho lomgaqo-nkqubo kunye neengxabano zejografi kumazwe ahlukeneyo, ulungelelwaniso lwezothutho lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nekhonkco lokubonelela libe yingqwalasela kwishishini kwiminyaka emibini yakutshanje.“Ukuxinana, ixabiso eliphezulu, ukunqongophala kwezikhongozeli kunye nendawo” yayiyeyona nto iphambili yokungeniswa kweenqanawa kulo nyaka uphelileyo.Nangona amaqela ahlukeneyo aye azama ukwenza uhlengahlengiso olwahlukeneyo, iimpawu ze-Logistics zamazwe ngamazwe ezifana "nexabiso eliphezulu kunye nokuxinana" ngo-2022 zisachaphazela uphuhliso loluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe.
Lilonke, ingxaki yekhonkco lobonelelo lwehlabathi ebangelwe ngubhubhani iya kubandakanya zonke iinkalo zobomi, kwaye ishishini lolungiselelo lamazwe ngamazwe nalo linjalo.Iza kuqhubeka nokujongana nokuguquguquka okuphezulu kumazinga omthwalo kunye nohlengahlengiso lwesakhiwo somthamo wezothutho.Kule meko inzima, abarhwebi bamazwe angaphandle kufuneka baqonde indlela yophuhliso lwezothutho lwamazwe ngamazwe, bazame ukusombulula iingxaki ezikhoyo kwaye bafumane indlela entsha yophuhliso.
Indlela yophuhliso lolungiselelo lwamazwe ngamazwe
Ngenxa yefuthe lemiba yangaphakathi nengaphandle, indlela yophuhliso yoshishino lwezothutho lwamazwe ngamazwe ibonakaliswa ikakhulu "kwinkcaso phakathi kobonelelo kunye nemfuno yomthamo wezothutho kusekho", "ukwanda kokudityaniswa nokufunyanwa kweshishini", "ukukhula okuqhubekayo utyalo-mali kubuchwephesha obusahlumayo" kunye "nophuhliso olukhawulezileyo lolungiselelo lohlaza".
1. Ukuchasana phakathi kobonelelo kunye nemfuno yomthamo wezothutho kusekho
Ukuchasana phakathi konikezelo kunye nemfuno yomthamo wezothutho bekusoloko kuyingxaki kushishino lwezothutho lwamazwe ngamazwe, oluye lwanda kakhulu kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo.Ukuqhambuka kobhubhane kuye kwaba ngumlilo wokuqinisa ukuchasana phakathi komthamo wezothutho kunye noxinzelelo phakathi kokubonelela kunye nemfuno, eyenza ukuhanjiswa, ukuthuthwa, ukugcinwa kunye namanye amakhonkco othungelwano lwamazwe ngamazwe alukwazi ukudibaniswa ngexesha elifanelekileyo nangendlela efanelekileyo. .Imigaqo-nkqubo yokuthintela ubhubhane ephunyezwe ngamazwe ahlukeneyo ngokulandelelanayo, kunye nefuthe lokubuyela kwakhona kwimeko kunye nokwanda koxinzelelo lokunyuka kwamaxabiso, kunye nenqanaba lokubuyela kwimeko yezoqoqosho kumazwe ahlukeneyo, okukhokelela ekugxininiseni umthamo wezothutho lwehlabathi kwamanye amazwe. imigca kunye namazibuko, kwaye kunzima kwiinqanawa kunye nabasebenzi ukuhlangabezana nemfuno yemarike.Ukunqongophala kwezikhongozeli, iindawo, abantu, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso omthwalo kunye nokuxinana kuye kwaba yintloko kubantu bezothutho.
Kubantu bezinto eziphathekayo, ukususela kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka odlulileyo, imigaqo-nkqubo yokulawula ubhubhane kumazwe amaninzi iye yahlaziywa, ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo sokubonelela kuye kwakhawuleza, kwaye iingxaki ezifana nokunyuka kwezinga lomthwalo kunye nokuxinana kuye kwancitshiswa kwinqanaba elithile. nto leyo ibanika ithemba kwakhona.Ngo-2022, uthotho lwamanyathelo okubuyisela uqoqosho athathwe ngamazwe amaninzi kwihlabathi jikelele luthomalalise uxinzelelo lolungiselelo lwehlabathi.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuchasana phakathi kokubonelela kunye nemfuno yomthamo wezothutho obangelwa yi-dislocation yesakhiwo phakathi kokunikezelwa kwamandla okuthutha kunye nemfuno yangempela iya kuqhubeka ikhona kulo nyaka ngokusekelwe kwinto yokuba ukulungiswa kokungahambi kakuhle kwamandla okuthutha akukwazi ukugqitywa kwixesha elifutshane.
2. Ukudityaniswa kweshishini kunye nokuthengwa kuya kusanda
Kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo, ukudityaniswa nokufunyanwa kushishino lwezothutho lwamazwe ngamazwe kuye kwakhawuleziswa kakhulu.Amashishini amancinci ayaqhubeka nokudibanisa, kwaye amashishini amakhulu kunye nezigebenga zikhetha ithuba lokufumana, njengokufunyanwa kweqela le-easystent yeqela le-goblin logistics, ukufunyanwa kwe-Maersk ye-Portuguese e-commerce logistics enterprise uHuub, njalo njalo.Izibonelelo zolungiselelo ziqhubeka zisondela kufutshane nentloko.
Ukukhawuleziswa kweM & A phakathi kwamashishini olungiselelo lwamazwe ngamazwe, kwelinye icala, kubangelwa kukungaqiniseki okunokwenzeka kunye noxinzelelo olusebenzayo, kunye noshishino lweM & nesiganeko siphantse singathinteleki;Kwelinye icala, ngenxa yokuba amanye amashishini elungiselela ukudweliswa, kufuneka andise imigca yeemveliso zawo, akhulise amandla awo eenkonzo, aphucule ukukhuphisana kwemarike nokuphucula uzinzo lweenkonzo zolungiselelo.Kwangaxeshanye, ngenxa yengxaki yobonelelo ngempahla ebangelwe ngubhubhani, ejongene nokuchasana okukhulu phakathi konikezelo kunye nemfuno kunye nolungiselelo lwehlabathi oluphuma kulawulo, amashishini kufuneka akhe isixokelelwano sobonelelo esizimeleyo nesilawulekayo.Ukongeza, ukonyuka okubukhali kwengeniso yamashishini enqanawa ehlabathi kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo kukwanyuse ukuzithemba kumashishini ukuba aqalise iM & A.
Emva kweminyaka emibini ye-M & nemfazwe, i-M & A yalo nyaka kushishino lwezothutho lwamazwe ngamazwe luya kugxila ngakumbi ekudityanisweni okuthe nkqo kokunyuka komsinga ukuze kuphuculwe ukuxhathisa impembelelo.Kushishino lwezothutho lwamazwe ngamazwe, intando encumisayo yamashishini, inkunzi eyaneleyo kunye neemfuno eziyinyani ziya kwenza iM & A ibe ligama elingundoqo kuphuhliso loshishino kulo nyaka.
3. Utyalo-mali kwiiteknoloji ezivelayo luqhubekile lukhula
Ukuchatshazelwa ngubhubhane, iingxaki zamashishini olungiselelo lwamazwe ngamazwe kuphuhliso lweshishini, ukugcinwa kwabathengi, iindleko zoluntu, ukuthengiswa kwemali eyinkunzi njalo njalo ziye zavela ngakumbi.Ke ngoko, amanye amashishini amancinci, anobungakanani obuphakathi kunye namazwe amancinci aqala ukufuna utshintsho, njengokunciphisa iindleko kunye nokuqonda inguqu ngoncedo lwetekhnoloji yedijithali, okanye ukusebenzisana nezigebenga zeshishini kunye namashishini eqonga lolungiselelo lwamazwe ngamazwe, ukuze kufumaneke ukuxhotyiswa koshishino olungcono. .Itekhnoloji yedijithali efana ne-e-commerce, i-Intanethi yezinto, i-computing yefu, idatha enkulu, i-blockchain, i-5g kunye nobukrelekrele bokwenziwa bunika ithuba lokutyhubela obu bunzima.
Ukukhula kotyalo-mali kunye nenkxaso-mali kwinkalo yolungiselelo lwedijithali lwamazwe ngamazwe nako kuyavela.Emva kophuhliso kwiminyaka yakutshanje, amashishini amashishini edijithali ezizwe ngezizwe kwintloko yendlela eyahlulahlulwe afunelwa emva, isixa esikhulu senkxaso-mali kushishino luye lwavela, kwaye inkunzi iqokelele ngokuthe ngcembe entloko.Ngokomzekelo, i-flexport, eyazalelwa eSilicon Valley, inemali epheleleyo ye-US $ 1.3 yezigidigidi ngaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu.Ukongeza, ngenxa yokukhawuleza kwe-M & A kunye nokudityaniswa kushishino lwezothutho lwamazwe ngamazwe, ukusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe obuvelayo kuye kwaba yenye yeendlela eziphambili zamashishini ukwakha nokugcina ukhuphiswano lwawo olungundoqo.Ke ngoko, ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji entsha kwishishini kunokuqhubeka nokukhula ngo-2022.
4. Ukukhawulezisa uphuhliso lolungiselelo lohlaza
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, imozulu yehlabathi iye yatshintsha ngokuphawulekayo kwaye imozulu embi iye yenzeka rhoqo.Ukusukela ngo-1950, oonobangela bokutshintsha kwemozulu yehlabathi ubukhulu becala bavela kwimisebenzi yabantu efana nokukhutshwa kwerhasi yegreenhouse, apho impembelelo ye-CO ν ibalelwa malunga nesibini kwisithathu.Ukuze ukwazi ukujamelana nokutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nokukhusela imo engqongileyo, oorhulumente bamazwe ahlukeneyo baye bawenza ngenkuthalo umsebenzi baza benza uthotho lwezivumelwano ezibalulekileyo ezimelwe siSivumelwano saseParis.
Njengobuchule, isiseko kunye neshishini elikhokelayo kuphuhliso loqoqosho lwesizwe, ishishini lolungiselelo lijongene nomsebenzi obalulekileyo wogcino lwamandla kunye nokunciphisa ikhabhoni.Ngokwengxelo ekhutshwe nguRoland Berger, ishishini lezothutho kunye nelothutho "ligalelo elikhulu" lokukhutshwa kwekharbon dioksidi yehlabathi, ebalelwa kwi-21% yecarbon dioxide ekhutshwayo kwihlabathi.Okwangoku, ukukhawuleza kokuguqulwa kwekhabhoni eluhlaza kunye ne-low-carbon ibe yimvumelwano yoshishino lwezothutho, kwaye "injongo ye-carbon double" iye yaba yinto eshushu kwishishini.
Uqoqosho olukhulu kwihlabathi liphela luqhubekile lwenza nzulu imilinganiselo ephambili efana namaxabiso ekhabhoni, itekhnoloji yekhabhoni kunye nohlengahlengiso lwesakhiwo samandla malunga nesicwangciso se-"double carbon".Ngokomzekelo, urhulumente wase-Austrian uceba ukufezekisa "ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni / i-net zero emission" kwi-2040;Urhulumente waseTshayina uceba ukufezekisa "incopho yekhabhoni" ngo-2030 kunye "ne-carbon neutrality / net zero emission" ngo-2060. Ngokusekelwe kwimigudu eyenziwa ngamazwe ahlukeneyo ekuphumezeni injongo "yekhabhoni ephindwe kabini" kunye nesimo sengqondo esihle se-United States ukubuyela. kwiSivumelwano saseParis, uhlengahlengiso olulungelelanisiweyo kushishino lwezothutho lwamazwe ngamazwe malunga nenjongo "yekhabhoni ephindwe kabini" kwiminyaka emibini yakutsha nje iya kuqhubeka kulo nyaka.I-Green Logistics ibe yindlela entsha yokhuphiswano lweemarike, kwaye isantya sokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kunye nokukhuthaza uphuhliso lolungiselelo lohlaza kushishino luya kuqhubeka nokukhawuleza.
Ngamafutshane, kwimeko yobhubhane oluphindaphindiweyo, iimeko ezingxamisekileyo eziqhubekayo kunye nesigaba sothutho lwezothutho olunobuvila, ushishino lwezothutho lwamazwe ngamazwe luya kuqhubeka nokuhlengahlengisa ubume beshishini kunye nesikhokelo sophuhliso ngokwemigaqo-nkqubo kunye nezikhokelo zoorhulumente.
Ukuchasana phakathi konikezelo kunye nemfuno yomthamo wezothutho, ukudityaniswa kweshishini kunye nokuhlanganiswa, utyalo-mali kubugcisa obuvelayo kunye nophuhliso oluluhlaza lolungiselelo luya kuba nefuthe elithile kuphuhliso loshishino lwezothutho lwamazwe ngamazwe.Amathuba kunye nemiceli mngeni iya kuhlala ngo-2022.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-08-2022